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目的探讨儿童干眼是否存在及有何临床特点。设计前瞻性病例观察系列。研究对象38例(76眼)可疑儿童干眼患者,38例(76眼)正常儿童。方法对符合成年人干眼诊断标准的38例(76眼)儿童作为可疑干眼的观察组,取年龄与之匹配的正常儿童38例(76眼)作为对照组分别做基础泪液分泌试验(Schirmer)、泪膜破裂时间检查(BUT)、角结膜荧光素(FL)染色检查,对观察组行药物治疗并追踪观察6个月,再行以上三项检查。对可疑儿童干眼患者的症状、病因进行分析。主要指标症状, Schirmer,BUT,FL染色检查。结果38例可疑儿童干眼中瞬目次数增加21例(55．26％),干涩15例(39．47％),畏光14例(36．84％),眼红14例(36．84％)。观察组比对照组Schirmer和BUT均有显著性降低(P均=0．0000)。观察组和对照组Schirmer和BUT左右眼明显相关。观察组和对照组Schirmer和BUT两种检查无相关性。观察组药物治疗6个月前后Schirmer比较差异无统计学意义(P=0．368),BUT和FL检查有显著性改善(P=0．049,P=O．001)。结论儿童干眼确实存在,症状中以瞬目次数增加为最多,儿童干眼并非一时的主观症状,患儿可能存在较长时间(至少>6个月)的影响泪液分泌的病理状态。
Objective To investigate the existence of children with dry eye and what clinical features. Design prospective case observation series. Thirty-eight patients (76 eyes) with suspected dry eye and 38 normal children (76 eyes) were included in this study. Methods Thirty-eight children (76 eyes) who were diagnosed as adult eyes with dry eye were selected as the observation group of suspicious dry eye, and 38 children (76 eyes) matched normal age as the control group were taken as the baseline tear secretion test (Schirmer ), Tear film break-up time (BUT) and corneal conjunctiva fluorescein (FL) staining. The observation group was followed up for 6 months with drug treatment and the above three tests were performed again. Suspected children with dry eyes of patients with symptoms and causes were analyzed. The main indicators of symptoms, Schirmer, BUT, FL staining. Results Thirty - eight suspicious children increased the number of blink in the eyes by 21 (55.26%), 15 (39.47%) with dryness, 14 (36.84%) with photophobia and 14 (36.84% . The observation group than the control group Schirmer and BUT were significantly lower (P = 0.0000). The observation group and control group Schirmer and BUT left and right eyes were significantly correlated. There was no correlation between Schirmer and BUT in observation group and control group. There was no significant difference in Schirmer between the observation group and the control group (P = 0.368). The BUT and FL examination showed significant improvement (P = 0.049, P = 0.001). Conclusion The dry eye does exist in children. The most frequent symptom is the increase in the number of blinking. The dry eye is not the subjective symptom in childhood. The child may have pathological state that affects the secretion of tears for a long time (at least> 6 months).