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目的分析南昌市2009年和2010年麻疹减毒活疫苗(Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV)强化免疫活动(Supplementary Immunzation Activities,SIA)疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价MV预防接种的安全性。方法收集全市2009年、2010年MV SIA报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果全市2009年、2010年MV SIA共报告AEFI 185例,发生率为14.21/10万剂次;男性多于女性,占60.00%;各年龄组发生率差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);发生时间主要在接种后≤2 d,占80.54%;MV SIAAEFI中,一般反应136例,占73.51%,报告发生率为10.45/10万剂次。异常反应43例,占23.24%,报告发生率为3.30/10万剂次。偶合症6例,报告发生率为0.46/10万剂次。异常反应病例中,93.02%为过敏性反应,且主要为过敏性皮疹,占65.12%。症状均比较轻,绝大多数病例预后良好。结论 MV SIA安全性较高,预防接种异常反应发生率低,接种后≤2 d是监测的重点。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected immunological adverse reactions (AEFI) of Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine (2009) and 2010 Supplementary Immunochemistry Activities (SIA) MV vaccination safety. Methods The data of AEFI cases reported by the MV SIA in 2009 and 2010 in the whole city were collected, and the descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 185 AEFI cases were reported in MV SIA in 2009 and 2010 in the city. The incidence rate was 14.21 / 10 000; more males than females, accounting for 60.00%. There was no significant difference in incidence among all age groups (P> 0.05). Occurrence time mainly in ≤2 d after inoculation, accounting for 80.54%; MV SIAAEFI, the general response of 136 cases, accounting for 73.51%, the reported incidence of 10.45 / 10 million doses. Abnormal reaction in 43 cases, accounting for 23.24%, the reported incidence of 3.30 / 10 000 doses. Couples in 6 cases, the report rate was 0.46 / 100 000 doses. Among the abnormal reaction cases, 93.02% were allergic reaction, and mainly allergic rash, accounting for 65.12%. The symptoms are relatively mild, the vast majority of cases with good prognosis. Conclusions The MV SIA is safe and has a low incidence of abnormal vaccination. After vaccination, ≤2 d is the focus of monitoring.