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【目的】针对新疆阿克苏地区苹果园坐果率低的问题。【方法】以红富士苹果为试材,分别授以青香蕉、红元帅、黄元帅、嘎啦和商品的“保丰”牌花粉,并采用不同的授粉方法,分析人工授粉对红富士苹果坐果率及果实品质的影响。【结果】结果表明,授粉品种和授粉方法对红富士苹果坐果率的影响明显,表现为嘎啦﹥青香蕉﹥黄元帅﹥红元帅﹥“保丰”牌,点授﹥喷雾﹥喷粉;同时授粉品种和授粉方式对红富士果实的单果重、果形指数、歪斜指数、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、种子数量影响比较明显,花粉直感对红富士外观品质影响较为显著。【结论】人工授粉能有效抵御恶劣气候给红富士坐果带来的影响,是保证红富士产量稳定的有效手段,嘎啦、青香蕉、“保丰”是比较理想的父本,而喷雾是最理想的授粉方式。
【Aim】 According to the problem of low fruit set rate in apple orchard in Aksu, Xinjiang. 【Method】 With “Red Fuji apple” as test material, “Pao Feng” brand green banana, Red Marshal, Huang Yuanshuai, Gaolao and commercial “Bonfeng” brand pollen were drew, and different pollination methods were used to analyze the effects of artificial pollination on Red Fuji Effect of fruit setting rate and fruit quality of apple. 【Result】 The results showed that the effects of pollination varieties and pollination methods on the fruit setting rate of Red Fuji apples were obvious. The results showed as follows: Gala> Green Banana> Yellow Marshal> Red Marshal> Bao Feng Licensing> Spraying> Dusting ; Pollination varieties and pollination methods had significant influence on the fruit weight, fruit shape index, skewness index, soluble solid content, titratable acid and seed number of the red Fuji fruits, and the direct impact of the pollen sense on the appearance quality of the red Fuji was significant. 【Conclusion】 Artificial pollination can effectively resist the adverse effects of adverse weather on the fruit setting of Red Fuji. It is an effective means to ensure the stable production of Red Fuji. Gala, green banana and “Bao Feng” Is the best way to pollinate.