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人民法院司法技术部门职能调整源自1998年第一个《人民法院改革纲要》和依照该纲要出台的有关委托司法鉴定的两个规定。时至2005年,全国人大常委会《关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》的出台,人民法院司法技术部门依照最高法院2006年《关于地方人民法院设立司法技术辅助工作机构的通知》进行了职能调整和角色转换。工作对象和研究方向,由技术性向法律化调整、转型,承担起了协助合议庭、独任法官查明案件技术事实的职责。组织协调对外委托鉴定、技术性证据的审核等工作任务,成为人民法院司法技术部门的核心职责。民诉法、刑诉法的修改,司法责任制改革,以及司法鉴定商业化的不断加剧等等,给人民法院司法技术工作提出新的挑战。本文结合改革十余年来的探索发展和实践,对新形势下人民法院司法技术工作若干基本性问题进行了探讨。
The adjustment of the functions of the judicial technical department of the people’s court stems from the first “Outline for the Reform of the People’s Court” in 1998 and the two provisions concerning the commission of judicial appraisals promulgated pursuant to the said outline. By 2005, the NPC Standing Committee’s “Decision on the Administration of Judicial Expertise” was promulgated. The judicial technical department of the people’s court conducted functional readjustments in accordance with the Notice of the Local People’s Court on Establishing a Judicial Technical Auxiliary Working Organization in 2006 Role conversion. Work objects and research directions, from technical to legal adjustment, transformation, assume the task of assisting the collegial panel, sole judge to identify the technical facts of the case. To organize and coordinate tasks such as accreditation of external parties and examination of technical evidence has become the core responsibility of the judicial technical department of the people’s court. Civil Procedure Law, the revision of Criminal Procedure Law, the reform of judicial responsibility system and the increasing commercialization of forensic expertise, etc., pose new challenges to the judicial technical work of the people’s court. Based on the exploration, development and practice over the past ten years of reform, this article discusses some basic issues concerning the judicial technical work of the people’s court under the new situation.