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色氨酸通过犬尿氨酸通路被分解代谢,而遍布全身的吲哚胺2,3二加氧酶(IDO)则是犬尿氨酸通路的首要的限速酶。IDO通过把左旋色氨酸转化为甲酰犬尿氨酸,甲酰犬尿氨酸能快速地转化为更为稳定的犬尿氨酸分子。犬尿氨酸通路可有许多中间产物,大多都有活性调节的功能。现如今公认IDO为机体内重要的内源性免疫抑制剂,在维持机体免疫稳态,移植耐受、肿瘤局部免疫抑制微环境的形成和维持,以及在介导肿瘤的免疫逃逸中发挥重要作用。IDO的存在对自身免疫性疾病的防治研究有重要的影响,具有广阔的发展前景。
Tryptophan is catabolized via the kynurenine pathway, whereas indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) is the first rate-limiting enzyme in the kynurenine pathway throughout the body. IDO converts formylkynurenine to a more stable kynurenine molecule by converting L-tryptophan into formylkynurenine. Kynurenine pathway can have many intermediates, most of which have the activity of regulating function. It is now recognized that IDO is an important endogenous immunosuppressive agent in the body and plays an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis, transplantation tolerance, formation and maintenance of tumor local immunosuppressive microenvironment, and in mediating tumor immune escape . The existence of IDO plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases and has broad prospects for development.