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在卧式螺旋卸料过滤离心机工作时会因物料分布不均而产生偏心载荷。该力的大小、位置、矢量方向都随时间不断变化,且离心机整机是一个较复杂的系统。因此,要准确计算偏心载荷引起的瞬态响应是一个难点。在ANSYS中使用APDL语言进行整机的参数化建模,运用COMBIN14单元模拟了轴承和减振器,对电机和机外壳等焊接件采用MASS21单元作等效处理;使用Newmark完全法进行瞬态动力学分析,首次计算得到了主轴的振动曲线以及离心机对安装基础的动载荷特性曲线。研究结果表明:采用有限元瞬态动力学分析方法可以获得与加料试车实验方法相一致的主轴振动速度曲线和离心机对安装基础的动载荷的极大值。解决了机械振动与动载荷长期以来依赖经验估算的问题,缩短了新产品的设计周期,降低了新机试制、试车的风险,也为离心机工作可靠性的研究奠定了基础。
Horizontal spiral discharge filter centrifuge work due to uneven distribution of materials and have eccentric load. The size of the force, position, vector direction are constantly changing over time, and the machine is a more complex centrifuge system. Therefore, to accurately calculate the transient load caused by eccentric load is a difficult task. In the ANSYS using APDL language parametric modeling of the whole machine, the use of COMBIN14 unit simulation of the bearing and shock absorber, the motor and the machine shell and other welding parts using MASS21 unit for equivalent treatment; Newmark complete method for transient power For the first time, the vibration curve of the spindle and the dynamic load characteristic curve of the centrifuge to the installation foundation are obtained. The results show that the maximum vibrational speed of the spindle and the dynamic load of the centrifuge on the installation foundation can be obtained by using the finite element transient dynamic analysis method in accordance with the experimental method of feeding test. It solves the problem of mechanical vibration and dynamic load relying on empirical estimation for a long time, shortens the design cycle of new products, reduces the risk of trial production and testing of new machines, and lays the foundation for the research on the reliability of centrifuges.