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分析当前试种的杂交水稻不同有效穗,不同穗型的产量构成,可以看到在杂交水稻产量构成中,穗数仍是基础,产量和穗数成显著正相关。所以,要进一步提高杂交稻产量,必须增加每亩穗数。今后强优新组合的选育,不要片面的追求大穗大粒,应该在具有一定穗数的基础上,争取大穗和粒重。亩产1500斤杂交水稻的模式结构设想是:每亩有效穗26—28万,每穗粒数120—130粒,千粒重27—28克。新三系选育是实现育种目标的重要手段,根据杂种 F_1代主要性状与亲本的关系,不育系应是具有高产株型的穗数型品种。恢复系和不育系在生态类型上差别要大,亲缘关系要穗选,以获得强大的杂种优势。把云、贵和东欧等地品种的血缘导入到恢复源中的做法可以一试。选育强优组合,必须建筑在具有一定数量不育系,恢复系及大量配制组合的基础上,优中选优。
Analysis of the current trial of hybrid rice different effective panicles, different panicle yield composition, we can see that in the composition of hybrid rice yield, panicle number is still the basis, yield and spike number into a significant positive correlation. Therefore, to further increase the yield of hybrid rice, we must increase the number of ears per acre. In the future, the selection and breeding of the new gifted and powerful combination should not be based on the one-sided pursuit of big ears and big ears but should strive for big ears and grain weights on the basis of having a certain number of ears. Yield of 1,500 kg per mu yield of hybrid rice model structure is: 26-28 million effective panicle per acre, grain per spike 120-130, grain weight 27-28 grams. The breeding of the new three lines is an important means to achieve the goal of breeding. According to the relationship between the main characters of F_1 generation and the parents, the CMS should be a panicle type with high yielding plant type. Restoration lines and sterile lines in the ecological type of difference is bigger, kinship to Sui election, in order to obtain a strong heterosis. Introducing the blood of species such as the Cloud, the Guinea-Bissau and Eastern Europe into the restoration source can give you a try. Breeding strong combination, must be built in a certain number of sterile lines, restorers and a large number of preparation based on the combination of the best choice.