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随着中国高速公路普及率不断提高,国内外学者对高速公路的公共物品属性逐渐产生了一定程度的质疑,并进行了较多的理论探讨,要想兼顾公平与效率,使资源配置达到最优,就必须对高速公路实行有偿使用,实行收费制度。在实践中,正是由于收费制度的顺利实施,才使得我国高速公路事业得以迅猛发展,因此在拥挤的高速公路上,如果要想避免影响资源配置效率的外部成本的产生,就必须做出某种制度安排,使个人成本和社会成本一致,进而确保资源配置效率的实现。
With the continuous improvement of the expressway’s popularity in China, domestic and foreign scholars have gradually questioned the public goods attributes of expressways to some extent and conducted more theoretical discussions. In order to balance the fairness and efficiency and optimize the allocation of resources , We must pay the use of freeways, the implementation of charging system. In practice, it is because of the smooth implementation of the charging system that the rapid development of the highway industry in our country can make rapid development. Therefore, on the crowded expressways, if we want to avoid the external costs that affect the efficiency of resource allocation, we must make some The institutional arrangement makes the individual cost and the social cost be the same, so as to ensure the efficiency of resource allocation.