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[目的]调查分析膳食营养结构对老年人健康的影响,为该地区预防老年人由于营养缺乏或过剩而引起的疾病提供依据。[方法]调查了潮州市农村1220例老年居民,其中男624人,女596人。采用称重法,调查居民每日的食物种类和数量并做记录,对调查对象进行血压、身高、体重等指标的测量,并对所得数据进行统计分析,评价老年人的健康状况。[结果]膳食结构失衡程度较高;患病人数较多,其中高血压患者占17.21%%,糖尿病患者占9.34%,骨质疏松患者占12.21%。[结论]膳食结构的均衡性对农村老年居民的身体健康有很大影响,均衡摄入各种营养素对老年人身体的保健具有重要作用,同时,又可预防老年性疾病的发生。
[Objective] To investigate the influence of dietary nutrition structure on the health of the elderly, and to provide basis for the prevention of diseases caused by lack of nutrition or excess of the elderly in the area. [Method] A survey of 1,220 elderly residents in rural Chaozhou, 624 males and 596 females, was conducted. Weighing method was used to investigate and record the daily food type and quantity of residents. The subjects were measured blood pressure, height, weight and other indicators, and the data were statistically analyzed to evaluate the health status of the elderly. [Results] The imbalanced diet structure was higher; the number of patients was more, including 17.21% of hypertensive patients, 9.34% of diabetic patients and 12.21% of osteoporosis patients. [Conclusion] The balance of diet structure has great influence on the physical health of rural residents in the elderly. The balanced intake of various nutrients plays an important role in the health care of the elderly and at the same time can prevent the occurrence of the diseases of the elderly.