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目的掌握2010-2014年常州市疟疾疫情,为制订和调整适合该市的疟疾消除策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2010-2014年常州市网络报告疟疾疫情和专报系统的流行病学调查资料,对该5年的疟疾疫情及病例诊治情况进行统计分析。结果 2010-2014年常州市共报告疟疾病例132例,较2005-2009年的182例下降了27.47%。132例疟疾病例除2例为本地病例外,其余130例均为境外输入性病例。132例疟疾病例中,4例为临床诊断病例,128例为实验室确诊病例;128例确诊病例中,恶性疟97例、间日疟14例、卵形疟13例、三日疟4例。132例疟疾病例分布于5个市(区),其中金坛市56例、溧阳市51例、天宁区19例、武进区3例、新北区3例;从发病到就诊中位时间为2 d,从就诊到确诊中位时间为1 d,92.42%(122/132)的确诊单位为县级疾控机构、县级医疗机构和市级医疗机构。2011-2014年常州市未发现本地感染疟疾病例。结论 2012-2014年常州市连续3年实现无本地感染疟疾病例,初步实现消除疟疾目标,但境外输入性疟疾病例仍较多,且感染虫种呈多样性。境外输入性疟疾仍是常州市疟疾防控工作的重点。
Objective To grasp the epidemic situation of malaria in Changzhou from 2010 to 2014 and provide the basis for formulating and adjusting malaria elimination strategies and measures suitable for the city. Methods Epidemiological survey data of malaria epidemic and special reporting system from 2010 to 2014 in Changzhou City were collected and analyzed for the five years of malaria outbreak and the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases. Results A total of 132 malaria cases were reported in Changzhou during 2010-2014, a drop of 27.47% compared with 182 cases in 2005-2009. 132 cases of malaria in addition to two cases of local cases, the remaining 130 cases are imported cases. Of the 132 malaria cases, 4 were clinically diagnosed and 128 were laboratory-confirmed. Among the 128 confirmed cases, 97 were falciparum malaria, 14 malaria, 13 mammillary and 4 malaria. 132 cases of malaria were found in 5 cities (including 56 in Jintan, 51 in Liyang, 19 in Tianning District, 3 in Wujin District and 3 in Xinbei District. The median time from onset to visit was 2 d. The time from diagnosis to diagnosis was 1 day. The confirmed units of 92.42% (122/132) were county-level CDC, county-level medical institutions and municipal-level medical institutions. No cases of locally infected malaria were found in Changzhou City during 2011-2014. Conclusion From 2012 to 2014, Changzhou City has achieved no malaria cases of local infection for three consecutive years and initially achieved the goal of malaria elimination. However, there are still more cases of malaria imported outside China and the diversity of infected worms. Import malaria abroad is still the focus of malaria prevention and control work in Changzhou.