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通过对高粱喷施不同剂量矮壮素、乙烯利溶液进行田间试验,旨在探明矮壮素、乙烯利溶液对高粱生长、产量和品质的影响。实验采用两因素四水平随机区组设计,3次重复,于拔节期喷施(2014年7月5日)。乙烯利、矮壮素各设6个浓度梯度,乙烯利稀释倍数分别为100倍、200倍、400倍、800倍、1000倍及清水对照;矮壮素稀释倍数分别为100倍、250倍、400倍、550倍、700倍及清水对照。结果表明,2种生长调节剂的主要作用是能够抑制赤霉素的生物合成而控制植株的伸长生长,乙烯利(抽穗期)对高粱植株矮化作用分别比对照提高29.32%、34.58%、21.80%、21.8%、2.18%;乙烯利(成熟期)对高粱植株矮化作用分别比对照提高21.07%、22.16%、19.77%、18.63%、12.11%;矮壮素(抽穗期)对高粱植株矮化作用分别比对照提高5.43%、13.18%、3.10%、3.88%、8.53%;矮壮素(成熟期)对高粱植株矮化作用分别比对照提高9.94%、29.19%、13.64%、18.01%、14.91%。喷施不同浓度乙烯利、矮壮素对高粱籽粒品质均有一定的影响。乙烯利以稀释200倍喷改善高粱籽粒品质效果最为明显,矮壮素以稀释250倍效果明显。喷施乙烯利的矮化效果较喷施矮壮素显著,但是在改善高粱光合指标、叶绿素含量、产量方面差别不大。在生产上,通过拔节期喷施乙烯利、矮壮素可有效控制高粱株高,实现增密增产。
The effects of CCC and ethephon solution on the growth, yield and quality of sorghum were investigated by spraying different doses of CCC and ethephon solution on sorghum field. The experiment was designed with two factors and four levels of randomized block design, three replications, spraying at jointing stage (July 5, 2014). Ethephon and chlormequat were respectively set at six concentration gradients. The ethephon dilution times were 100 times, 200 times, 400 times, 800 times, 1000 times and clear water respectively. The dilution times of CC were 100 times, 250 times, 400 times, 550 times, 700 times and water control. The results showed that the main function of the two growth regulators was to inhibit the gibberellin biosynthesis and control the elongation of the plants. The dwarfing effects of ethephon (heading date) on the sorghum plants were increased by 29.32% and 34.58%, respectively, 21.80%, 21.8% and 2.18% respectively. The dwarfing effect of ethephon (maturity) on sorghum plants was 21.07%, 22.16%, 19.77%, 18.63% and 12.11% The dwarfing effect was increased by 5.43%, 13.18%, 3.10%, 3.88% and 8.53%, respectively. Compared with the control, the dwarfing hormone (maturity) increased dwarfing by 9.94%, 29.19%, 13.64% and 18.01% , 14.91%. Spraying different concentrations of ethephon and chlormequat had some effects on the grain quality of sorghum. Ethephon to 200 times diluted spray improve the quality of sorghum grain most obvious effect, chlormequat 250 times diluted effect is obvious. The dwarfing effects of ethephon sprayed were more significant than spraying chlormequat, but little difference was found in the photosynthesis index, chlorophyll content and yield of sorghum. In production, by spraying ethephon at jointing stage, CCC can effectively control sorghum plant height and increase yield.