1.引言自然界中存在着真空状态这一客观规律早已为人们所认识。凡是念过普通物理的人都知道著名的马格德堡半球实验,它以无可辩驳的事实证明了真空的存在,显示出真空与大气压密切配合而产生的巨大威力。当然,对奥托·封·葛利克这个名字您一定不会感到陌生,他是真空科学领域里第一位杰出的物理试验大师。十七世纪中叶,他在德国的马格德堡城担任市长。他热心于科学研究,知识渊博,阅历丰富,他以非凡的技艺围绕“真空”这一课题做了大量的实验,铜半球实验就是其中最突出的一例。他喜欢当众进行科学实验表演,并以此为武器,破除宗教迷信,普及和传播科学知识。今天,人们只要经过认真地学习和实践,就能理解当年奥托·封·葛利克所做的一切,并能掌握更为广博的真空技术知识。学校里一系 1. Introduction The objective law of the existence of the vacuum in nature has long been known to the public. Everyone who has studied ordinary physics knows the famous Magdeburg hemispheric experiment, which has proved the existence of a vacuum irrefutable facts, showing the enormous power of the vacuum in close cooperation with atmospheric pressure. Of course, you will not be unfamiliar with the name Otto Gelglick, who was the first eminent physical test master in the field of vacuum science. In the mid-seventeenth century, he was mayor of Magdeburg in Germany. He is enthusiastic about scientific research, knowledgeable and rich in experience. He has done a lot of experiments around the subject of “vacuum” with his extraordinary skill. The copper hemisphere experiment is one of the most prominent examples. He likes to conduct public experiments in science and experiment and use it as a weapon to break religious superstitions and popularize and disseminate scientific knowledge. Today, as long as people study and practice earnestly, they can understand what Otto G. Gelik did and find out more about the vacuum technology. A series of schools