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土壤风蚀是浑善达克地区面临的重要生态环境问题,防风固沙功能大小决定了整个区域的生态安全程度.为了阐明浑善达克功能区防风固沙情况,指导区域的荒漠化防治,本文基于气象数据、遥感数据,利用修正风蚀方程模型(RWEQ)定量分析2000—2010年浑善达克防风固沙功能区防风固沙能力的时空变化格局,并通过主成分分析方法分析了功能区各县(旗)土壤风蚀的主要影响因素.结果表明:研究期间,浑善达克防风固沙能力随时间产生波动,总量呈下降趋势;单位面积防风固沙功能较强的地类有落叶针叶林和草原;功能区西部和东南部区域的防风固沙功能较弱,需要加强生态修复力度;对功能区内各行政区进行社会驱动力分析得出,土壤风蚀的3个主要社会驱动力分别为投入产出强度、经济发展水平和农牧业发展水平.
Soil erosion is an important eco-environmental issue facing Hunshandake, and the function of windbreak and sand fixation determines the degree of ecological security in the whole area.In order to clarify the situation of windbreak and sand fixation in Hunshandake functional area and desertification control in the guide area, this paper, based on meteorological data (RWEQ) were used to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial variation of windbreak and sand fixation capacity of Hunshandake’s windbreak and sand fixation zone from 2000 to 2010. The main soil components of the soil samples were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) The results showed that during the study period, the capacity of wind-resistant and sandy-fixation of Hunshandake fluctuated with time, and the total amount showed a declining trend; the deciduous coniferous forest and steppe with strong windbreak and sand fixation per unit area had deciduous coniferous forest and grassland; The wind-driven and sand-fixing functions in western and southeastern regions are weaker and need to be strengthened. The analysis of social driving forces in all the administrative districts in the functional area shows that the three major social drivers of soil erosion are input-output intensity, economic development Level and level of development of agriculture and animal husbandry.