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在油气开采过程中,蜡从原油中不断的析出、沉积,导致产油层及采油管线等堵塞,使油井产量下降,甚至造成停产。因此,防蜡和清蜡是含蜡原油开采中需要解决的重要问题。对低能量抽油井中,使用常规清防蜡工艺存在费用高、影响产量、污染油层、效果差且适应性不好等问题,严重影响正常生产和开发效益。本文系统分析了油井结蜡的影响因素,探讨了生产过程中高含蜡油井结蜡的复杂多样性,介绍了复合防蜡工艺的原理及工艺技术。现场应用结果证明,复合防蜡工艺能有效解决低能量抽油井的清防蜡问题,具有一定的应用前景。
During the process of oil and gas exploration, wax continuously precipitates and deposits from the crude oil, resulting in blockages of the oil production and oil recovery pipelines, and the oil well production is reduced or even stopped. Therefore, wax prevention and wax removal are important issues to be solved in the production of waxy crude oil. In low-energy pumping wells, the use of conventional paraffin removal techniques has the problems of high cost, impact on yield, pollution of the oil layer, poor effect and poor adaptability, seriously affecting the normal production and development benefits. This paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors of waxing in oil well, discusses the complex diversity of waxing in high waxy oil wells in production, introduces the principle and technology of compound wax prevention technology. The field application results show that the composite anti-wax process can effectively solve the problem of waxing and waxing in low energy pumping wells and has certain application prospect.