雷帕霉素是由吸水链霉菌产生的三十六元环含氮三烯大环内酯类抗生素,其结构中包含非常特殊的被α,β-二酮己哌啶酸胺分子所掩盖的半缩酮。雷帕霉素最早在智利的复活节岛上分离获得,发现其对白色念珠菌、石膏样小孢子菌及颗粒发癣菌等真菌具有显著的杀菌活性。后来发现,雷帕霉素还具有免疫抑制活性和抗排斥反应作用,由此引起了医学界的重视,但其抗真菌研究反而因此被忽视。 Rapamycin is a thirty-six-membered, cyclic nitrogen-containing terpenoid macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, and its structure contains very specific molecules that are obscured by alpha, beta-diketopiperidine amine molecules Hemiketal. Rapamycin was first isolated on Easter Island in Chile and found to have significant bactericidal activity against fungi such as Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum. Later found that rapamycin also has immunosuppressive activity and anti-rejection reaction, which has drawn the attention of the medical profession, but its antifungal study has therefore been neglected.