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苏联在建造第一批大容量超临界压力锅炉时,对水动力的作用认识不足。当时按工艺条件(制造和安装的组合性)采用了各种任意的管圈型式,主要是用焓增达850千焦耳/公斤(203大卡/公斤)以上的多流程垂直管圈,代替早先用于直流锅炉的水平管圈。结果,在第一批各种型式的超临界压力锅炉上由于水动力破坏(管屏内工质流动丧失稳定性,由热力不均匀性而使多管回路中个别管子有较高的热偏差)发生使蒸发受热面损坏的事故。在一篇有关这个问题的论文中,针对TΚ3厂第一台30万千瓦超临界
When the Soviet Union built the first batch of large-capacity supercritical pressure boilers, the role of hydrodynamics was poorly understood. At that time, a variety of pipe coil types were used, depending on process conditions (manufacturing and installation combination), mainly with multi-process vertical pipe coils with enthalpy of 850 kJ / kg (203 kcal / kg) Horizontal tube for the DC boiler. As a result, in the first batch of various types of supercritical pressure boilers, due to hydrodynamic failure (loss of stability of working flow in the tube screen, due to thermal inhomogeneity, individual tubes in the multi-tube circuit have higher thermal deviations) An accident that damages the evaporating heating surface occurs. In an essay on this issue, for the first TK3 plant 300,000 kilowatts of supercritical