一、研究背景我们的研究工作是自主发起的。诺曼等学者开创了一类设计研究,目前一般称之为以用户为中心或者说以人为中心的设计(HCD)。2这些方法都有一个共同的框架,即一个迭代的调查周期,其特征通常表现为观察、意念阶段、快速原型和测试。每次迭代都建立在前一个周期的经验教训基础之上,并且该过程在结果适当或已经用完规定时间的情况下即行终止。诺曼意识到与预期用户不断校验的过 First, the research background Our research is self-initiated. Norman and other scholars pioneered a type of design research, now generally referred to as user-centric or people-centered design (HCD). 2 Each of these approaches has a common framework, an iterative survey cycle characterized by observations, idea phases, rapid prototyping and testing. Each iteration is based on lessons learned from the previous cycle, and the process terminates when the result is appropriate or has expired for the specified amount of time. Norman realizes that it is constantly verified with prospective users