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19世纪中后期在西方世界出现了普遍的信仰危机:如何摆脱信仰危机、解决宗教信仰之间的矛盾与冲突,是赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(1819—1891)在晚期苦苦思索的主题之一。这一主题充分体现在梅尔维尔的长篇史诗《克莱瑞尔》中。在《克莱瑞尔》中,梅尔维尔以圣地为舞台、以克莱瑞尔的圣地之旅为线,把各色人物串联起来,通过不同人物的内心独白、对话与争论,集中展现出各种不同信仰之间的矛盾与冲突、人神之间的疏远与间离、以及宗教与自然和科学的对话。在众声喧嚣中,诗人梅尔维尔试图找出一种相互同情的宗教信仰,最终在复活与涅槃的相通性中打通了东西方宗教的壁垒,为恢复信仰找到了一条希望之路。
The widespread crisis of belief in the Western world during the mid and late 19th century: how to get out of the crisis of faith and resolve conflicts and conflicts between religious beliefs is the theme of Herman Melville’s (1819-1891) one. This theme is fully reflected in Melville’s long epic “Clarell.” In “Clarell,” Melville uses the Holy Land as a stage and Clarell’s Holy Land journey as a line, connecting people of all colors in series. Through different people’s inner monologues, dialogues and debates, Conflicts and conflicts among different faiths, the estrangement and separation between people and gods, and the dialogue between religion and nature and science. In the midst of all the noise, the poet Melville tried to find out a sympathetic religious belief that finally broke the barriers of eastern and western religions in the connection between resurrection and nirvana, and found a way of hope for the restoration of faith.