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目前,我国大豆目标价格改革试点已经历了一个完整的政策周期。为评估政策实施效果,总结发现政策试点工作的现状及问题,探索完善目标价格补贴政策的有效路径,本文对大豆政策演进和补贴流程进行了梳理,并基于试点地区1256户豆农、13家大豆加工企业、39家大豆流通企业的实地调查数据,从利益相关者角度分析了目标价格的实施效果。研究显示,目标价格补贴政策有效保障了种植户的基本收益,促进了大豆市场定价机制的完善,但也存在目标价格水平较低、公布时间偏晚、市场价格监测不合理、补贴资金被摊薄、政策执行成本较高等问题。基于此,本文提出根据比较收益差距适当提升目标价格水平、完善市场价格监测制度的设计等政策措施。
At present, China’s soybean price reform pilot has gone through a complete policy cycle. In order to assess the implementation effect of the policy, the paper summarizes the status quo and problems of the pilot program of the policy discovery and explores the effective path of perfecting the target price subsidy policy. In this paper, the evolution and subsidy process of soybean policy are reviewed. Based on the experimental results of 1256 soybean farmers and 13 soybean Processing enterprises, 39 soybean circulation enterprises field survey data from the perspective of stakeholder analysis of the implementation of the target price effect. The research shows that the target price subsidy effectively protects the basic income of the growers and improves the pricing mechanism of the soybean market. However, there are also some problems such as the low target price, the late announcement, the unjustified market price monitoring, the dilution of the subsidy funds, Policy implementation costs and other issues higher. Based on this, this paper puts forward policies and measures such as appropriately raising the target price level and improving the market price monitoring system according to the comparative income gap.