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国家环境政策的目标在于为未来规划出一个与自然和谐共存的社会体系,而环境影响评价制度正是为实现这一目标而被创制出的重要工具。作为一种衡量经济利益与环境成本的预防措施,我国对这一制度的实践已经历时近三十年。本文以程序正当理论为切入点,了解环境影响评价制度的规范原理,讨论国家在环境影响评价制度的程序事项方面所承担的责任,比较其他国家对这一制度的应用,同时分析我国环境影响评价制度的发展现状和不足。无论是从法律制度建设还是法律制度实践的角度,观察其中是否有程序保障不足的现象,从而提出针对性的完善建议。
The goal of national environmental policy is to plan a social system that coexists with nature in the future, and the environmental impact assessment system is an important tool that has been created to achieve this goal. As a preventive measure of economic benefits and environmental costs, our country has practiced this system for nearly three decades. In this paper, the procedural justification theory as the starting point to understand the normative principles of environmental impact assessment system to discuss the country’s responsibility in the environmental impact assessment system of procedural matters, compared to other countries on the application of this system, and analysis of China’s environmental impact assessment The status quo and deficiencies of system development. Whether it is from the legal system construction or the legal system practice point of view, whether there is a lack of procedural safeguards in order to put forward specific recommendations.