发行国债在西方已有百年历史。战后随着西方主要发达国家国债发行规模的不断扩大,这些国家的政府日益重视国债管理工作,采取了一系列相应的措施,既推动了国债的顺利发行,又使国债对国民经济的调节作用得到了较好的发挥。一、推出期限和对象多样化的国债种类,造就广阔雄厚的国债一级市场。设计长、中、短不同期限的国债,以满足不同时期、不同特点的投资需要。常见的期限不下10种,如美国国债种类包括10、15、20和30年的长期国债,有2、3、4、5、7年期的中期国债,还有13、26、52周的短 Treasury bonds have been issued in the West for centuries. With the continuous expansion of the issuance of government bonds by the major developed countries in the post-war period, the governments of these countries have paid increasing attention to the management of national debts and adopted a series of corresponding measures to promote the smooth issuance of national debts and the regulatory role of national debts in the national economy Get better play. First, the introduction of a variety of targets and the types of government bonds, creating a broad strong first tier market bonds. Design long, medium and short duration of the national debt, in order to meet different periods, different characteristics of the investment needs. Common ten deadlines, such as the types of US Treasury bonds include 10, 15, 20 and 30 long-term treasury bonds, with 2-3, 4-, 5-7 years of medium-term treasury bonds, as well as short of 13,26,52 weeks