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从谷登堡发明印刷机后的200多年中始终没有多大变化,直到17世纪结束,印刷机每小时仍只能印刷180至200张纸。但随着纸的产量增长以及不断降低的廉价,再加上印刷书的普及和会读写的人越来越多。工业革命时期,法国人罗伯特发明机器造纸,从而结束了手工造纸的历史。与此同时,铅字压铸实现了工业化生产;谷登堡印刷机从木制手扳改为铁制滚筒,并由蒸汽动力驱动。这实际上实现了真正的机械化印刷,每小时可印400张,
The changes that have taken place in more than 200 years since the invention of the press in Gutenberg have not changed much until the end of the seventeenth century, with presses still printing only 180 to 200 sheets per hour. However, as paper production grows and declines, it becomes more and more popular and read-write. During the industrial revolution, the Frenchman Robert invented the paper machine, ending the history of hand-made papermaking. At the same time, the lead die-casting to achieve the industrial production; Gutenberg presses from wooden hand to iron drum, driven by steam power. This actually enables a truly mechanized printing that can print 400 sheets per hour,