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以1年生无性系杉木幼苗为材料,采用温室盆栽方法,设定对照、常规施肥和3个指数施肥共5个处理,施氮总量分别为每株0、0.5、0.5、1.0、2.0 g,施氮20次,间隔为10 d,施氮210 d后,测定杉木的苗高、地径、生物量、叶绿素荧光参数及养分含量.结果表明:施肥显著促进了杉木无性系的苗高、地径和生物量的增长,以施氮量1.0 g·株~(-1)的指数施肥处理最佳,分别为59.0 cm、6.0 mm、52.99 g·株~(-1);杉木无性系苗木叶绿素荧光参数特征均表现为指数施肥显著大于常规施肥,其中指数施肥的光化学淬灭系数、表观电子传递速率和PSⅡ的有效量子产量均随施氮总量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,在施氮量为1.0 g·株~(-1)时达到最佳,分别为0.89、35.79和0.71.杉木无性系苗木氮含量表现为叶>根>茎.与对照相比,常规施肥根、茎、叶的氮含量分别增加39.6%、16.6%和41.1%,指数施肥根、茎、叶的氮含量分别增加22.6%~81.4%、27.3%~152.6%和73.6%~135.5%.施氮量为1.0和2.0 g·株~(-1)的指数施肥处理杉木幼苗根、茎和叶氮含量均显著大于常规施肥,而不同器官磷含量和钾含量无显著差异.从苗木生长性状、叶绿素荧光参数特征、植株氮磷钾含量等综合考虑,在本试验条件下,施氮量为1.0g·株~(-1)的指数施肥是杉木无系性苗木温室培育的适宜方法.
The 1-year-old Chinese fir seedlings were used as material, and greenhouse treatments were used as control, conventional fertilization and 3 exponential fertilization treatments. The total amount of nitrogen application was0,0.5,0.5,1.0,2.0 g per plant, After nitrogen application for 20 d, with an interval of 10 days, the seedling height, diameter, biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and nutrient contents of Chinese fir were determined after 210 days of nitrogen application.The results showed that fertilization significantly promoted seedling height, Diameter and biomass were the best, and the best were exponential fertilization with the dosage of 1.0 g · plant -1 (59.0 cm, 6.0 mm, 52.99 g · s -1) respectively. The chlorophyll The characteristics of fluorescence parameters showed that the exponential fertilization was significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization. The exponential photochemical quenching coefficient, apparent electron transfer rate and effective quantum yield of PSⅡ all increased first and then decreased with the increase of total nitrogen application, The optimal nitrogen application rates were 0.89, 35.79 and 0.71 at the nitrogen application rate of 1.0 g · plant -1, respectively.The nitrogen content in the seedlings of the Chinese fir clones was leaf> root> stem. Compared with the control, The contents of nitrogen in stems and leaves increased by 39.6%, 16.6% and 41.1%, respectively. The nitrogen contents in roots, stems and leaves of the index fertilization Respectively, increased by 22.6% -81.4%, 27.3% -152.6% and 73.6% -135.5%, respectively. Exponential application of nitrogen fertilizer at 1.0 and 2.0 g · plant -1 significantly increased nitrogen content in roots, stems and leaves of Chinese fir seedlings Which was higher than that of conventional fertilization, while there was no significant difference in phosphorus content and potassium content in different organs.According to the growth characteristics of seedlings, the characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the content of NPK in the plants, under the experimental conditions, the nitrogen application rate was 1.0g · plant ~ (-1) exponential fertilization is a suitable method for cultivating Chinese fir seedlings in greenhouse.