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目的了解仙居县乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)疫苗基础免疫后中小学生乙肝感染状况及乙肝疫苗的接种效果。方法采用随机整群抽样法抽取1 277名1周岁内完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫且从未加强免疫过的中小学生进行乙肝病毒(HBV)血清学指标检测。结果乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)、乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝核心抗体(抗-HBc)阳性率分别为2.58%、45.73%和6.03%;HBs Ag、抗-HBc阳性率随免疫时间的延长逐渐升高(均P<0.01),抗-HBs阳性率则随免疫时间的延长逐渐降低(P<0.01)。1 277名学生抗-HBs平均水平为11.24 m IU/m L;乙肝疫苗基础免疫后5年~、8年~、11年~、14~16年抗-HBs平均水平分别为16.55、15.02、7.99和6.22 m IU/m L;基础免疫后11年~和14~16年的抗-HBs水平均低于免疫后5年~和8年~。男、女生HBs Ag、抗-HBs和抗-HBc阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论乙肝疫苗基础免疫后,乙肝免疫水平随年龄增长逐渐降低,应加强中小学生的乙肝血清学监测,对乙肝标志物阴性的易感者进行乙肝疫苗加强免疫。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B infection in primary and secondary school students and the vaccination effect of hepatitis B vaccine after the basic immunization of Xianghu hepatitis B virus vaccine. Methods A total of 1,277 primary immunocompromised patients were enrolled in the study. A total of 1,277 primary immunocompromised patients (HBsAg) were enrolled in this study. Results The positive rates of HBs Ag, HBsAg and HBc were 2.58%, 45.73% and 6.03%, respectively. The positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc with the time of immunization (P <0.01). The positive rate of anti-HBs gradually decreased with the prolongation of immunization time (P <0.01). The average level of anti-HBs in 1 277 students was 11.24 m IU / m L; the average levels of anti-HBs in 5 to 8 years, 11 years to 14 years and 16 years after the basal immunity of hepatitis B vaccine were 16.55, 15.02, And 6.22 m IU / m L respectively. The levels of anti-HBs at 11 and 14-16 years after basal immunization were all lower than those at 5 and 8 years after immunization. There were no significant differences in the positive rates of HBs Ag, anti-HBs and anti-HBc among boys and girls (P> 0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis B immunization level gradually decreases with age. Hepatitis B serological surveillance should be strengthened in primary and secondary school students. Hepatitis B vaccine should be boosted in susceptible people with negative HBV markers.