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一、对外经贸领域两个根本性转变的含义及其相互关系两个根本性转变是就国民经济总体而言的,它涉及生产力和生产关系、宏观层次与微观层次,以及政府行为与企业行为的方方面面,因此它是一个关系全局性的大问题。简而言之,两个转变也可以理解为改革与发展的关系,前者属于生产关系范畴,即如何解决实行制度创新问题,后者属于生产力范畴,即如何提高经济效益问题。我国对外经贸体制从传统计划体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变的基本含义,就是要建立一个既符合市场经济一般规律,又适应国际贸易规范要求的新型外经贸体制,即
I. Implications of Two Fundamental Changes in the Field of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and Their Interrelations The two fundamental changes are in the national economy as a whole. It involves the relationship between productivity and production, the macro-level and the micro-level, as well as the behavior of government and the behavior of enterprises Therefore, it is a big issue concerning the overall situation. In short, the two changes can also be understood as the relationship between reform and development. The former belongs to the category of production relations, that is, how to solve the problem of implementing system innovation, and the latter belongs to the category of productive forces, that is, how to raise economic efficiency. The basic meaning of the transformation of our country’s foreign trade system from the traditional planning system to the socialist market economic system is to establish a new type of foreign trade and economic cooperation that meets the general laws of the market economy and meets the requirements of international trade,