通过在热带海洋环境下对比45钢在自然海水和无菌海水中的腐蚀行为,研究了微生物单因素对碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。实验结果表明,微生物对45钢平均腐蚀速率的影响与微生物种类和含量密切相关。锈层中的微生物主要由假单胞菌、弧菌、铁细菌、硫杆菌、硫酸盐还原菌组成。其中好氧菌、兼性厌氧菌、厌氧菌的含量均随浸泡时间呈规律性变化,这也导致在不同浸泡时间下,微生物的作用及作用机理的不同。 By comparing the corrosion behavior of 45 steel in natural seawater and sterile seawater under tropical marine environment, the effect of single factor of microorganism on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel was studied. The experimental results show that the effect of microorganisms on the average corrosion rate of 45 steel is closely related to the type and content of microorganisms. The microorganisms in the rust layer are mainly composed of Pseudomonas, Vibrio, iron bacteria, Thiobacillus, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. The contents of aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria all changed regularly with soaking time, which also led to the different action and mechanism of microorganisms under different soaking time.