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目的回顾分析药物致双硫仑样反应的发生特点及可能机制。方法检索2007~2011年国内公开发表在医药期刊上有关药物致双硫仑样反应的病例报道,对患者年龄、性别、原患疾病、给药途径、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现、不良反应发生时间、治疗措施及转归等资料进行分类统计。结果共收集到17种药物致双硫仑样反应病例110例。男性多于女性,成人多于儿童。注射给药多于其他途径给药。双硫仑样反应主要发生在用药期间饮酒的患者,发生反应的时间多在酒后5min~1h内,涉及的药物以头孢哌酮最多。大部分病例需经药物治疗,预后良好。结论药物致双硫仑样反应与某些药物影响乙醇的体内代谢有关。在这些药物的用药期间应避免饮酒或给予含醇药物。
Objective To review the characteristics and possible mechanisms of drug-induced disulfiram-like reactions. METHODS: A case-control study of drug-induced disulfiram-like reactions published in Chinese medical journals from 2007 to 2011 was conducted. The patients’ age, gender, original disease, route of administration, ADR involved organ or systemic and clinical manifestations, adverse reactions Time of occurrence, treatment measures and prognosis and other data for classification statistics. Results A total of 17 drugs were collected in cases of disulfiram-like reaction in 110 cases. More men than women, more adults than children. Injection administered more than other routes of administration. Disulfiram-like reactions occur mainly in patients with alcohol consumption during the reaction time and more in the drunk 5min ~ 1h, most of the drugs involved cefoperazone. Most cases require medication, the prognosis is good. Conclusion Drug-induced disulfiram-like reactions are associated with the effects of certain drugs on the metabolism of ethanol in vivo. Avoid alcohol or alcohol-based medications during these medications.