很多物质在试管或动物试验中抑制病毒复制,但仅有极少数抗病毒物质进入临床试验阶段。对于流感病毒,只有金刚烷胺和它的衍生物已证明预防人的流感是有效的。目前金刚烷胺在英国、欧洲和美国有限地使用。它的衍生物甲基金刚胺甲胺作为治疗药在苏联较为广泛地使用。金刚烷胺是第一个临床有效的抗流感甲型病毒药物。可从其作用机制的研究中了解很多情况。核苷类似物病毒唑对人的流感预防有一定效果,对砂粒病毒感染也有效,但作为预防呼吸道病毒感染则有毒性。 Many substances inhibit viral replication in test tubes or animal tests, but only a very small number of antiviral substances enter the clinical trial phase. For the flu virus, only amantadine and its derivatives have proven effective in preventing human flu. Amantadine is currently used with limited use in the UK, Europe and the United States. Its derivative methyradamase is used as a therapeutic drug in the Soviet Union more widely. Amantadine is the first clinically effective anti-influenza A virus drug. A lot can be learned from the study of its mechanism of action. Ribonucleoside analog ribavirin has some effect on human flu prevention and is also effective against glioblastoma virus infection but is toxic as a preventative respiratory virus infection.