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Plate shaped sandstones containing two fabricated circular holes that were filled with gypsum and high-strength concrete respectively were prepared for studying the effects of ligament lengthL ligament incline angleα,as well as filling modes on their strength properties and failure modes. The results show that the initial cracks can be categorized as wing crack, axial tensile crack and curved tensile crack. The failure modes of ligaments can be categorized as mode of single inclined crack, mode of single axial crack and mode of two parallel cracks. The final failure modes of all specimens can be categorized as the tension-shear mixed failure and shear failure. The strength of inclusions shows little influence on the final failure modes of specimens, while the failure modes vary withL andα. Whenαis a fixed value, the peak strengthσc and elastic modulusEc of tested specimens increase firstly with increasingL and reaches to the maximum value atL of 16 mm, then declines. WhenL is a fixed value,σc declines firstly and then ts to increase asαincreases to 75° from 45°, whileEc increases linearly. The axial stressσp performs the similar variation trends with those ofσc versus increasingL andαwhen ligaments fail.