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[目的]为了探讨不同磷肥用量对河套灌区玉米产量、土壤有效磷含量的影响。[方法]采用田间试验和室内分析化验相结合的方法,在内蒙古五原县连续2年进行不同磷肥用量试验。[结果]施磷可明显提高玉米产量。随着磷肥用量的增加,磷肥利用率、农学效率、经济效益均呈逐渐下降趋势,土壤中3种磷素形态表现为Olsen-P>CaCl2-P>DTP。随着磷肥施肥量的增加,土壤Olsen-P、CaCl2-P、DTP呈二次型曲线增加趋势。[结论]河套灌区种植玉米经济施磷量为150 kg/hm2,生产100 kg籽实吸磷量平均在0.77 kg左右,随着施磷量的增加,土壤磷残留逐渐增加。
[Objective] The purpose was to discuss the effects of different amount of phosphate fertilizer on corn yield and soil available P content in Hetao irrigation area. [Method] With the combination of field test and laboratory analysis, different amount of phosphate fertilizer was tested in Wuyuan County of Inner Mongolia for 2 consecutive years. [Result] Applying phosphorus could obviously increase corn yield. With the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer, the rate of phosphorus fertilizer use, agronomic efficiency and economic benefit all showed a gradual downward trend. The three kinds of phosphorus forms in the soil showed Olsen-P> CaCl2-P> DTP. Olsen-P, CaCl2-P and DTP showed a quadratic curve trend with the increase of fertilizer application rate. [Conclusion] The economic phosphorus application rate was 150 kg / hm2 for maize planting in Hetao irrigation district, and the average P uptake was about 0.77 kg for 100 kg seed production. With the increase of phosphorus application, the residual phosphorus in soil increased gradually.