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目的为掌握云南省肾综合征出血热流行病学特点 ,提供防治参考 ,对人间和鼠间疫情进行了监测。方法收集全省本病疫情资料 ,并在监测县采集人血清以及鼠肺脏和鼠血清作汉坦病毒抗原和抗体检查。结果 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 2年全省共报告本病 10 2例 ,死亡 3例 ,年发病率为 0 . 12 /10万 ,病死率为 2 . 94%。主要发病地区为红河州、昆明市、楚雄州。疫区人群隐性感染率为 4. 19%。 2 0 0 2年在泸西、寻甸和永胜监测点捕获鼠类 9种 891只 ,居民区以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为优势鼠种 ,野外以高山姬鼠为优势种 ;鼠间汉坦病毒带毒率为 3 . 65 % ,带病毒鼠种为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠和高山姬鼠。 2 0 0 1年在大理市野外捕鼠 12种 14 0只 ,大绒鼠为优势种 ,带毒鼠为大绒鼠、大足鼠、黄胸鼠、社鼠和短尾鼠句。结论监测区内存在有以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为主要宿主动物的家鼠型疫源地 ,也存在着以高山姬鼠和大绒鼠为主的野鼠型疫源地。发病率上升与较高的鼠密度和鼠间感染率有关。应采取以灭家鼠和接种家鼠型或两型混合疫苗为主的防治措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yunnan Province, provide reference for prevention and treatment, and monitor the epidemic situation between human and mouse. Methods The data of the epidemic situation of the disease in this province were collected, and human serum and mouse lung and mouse serum collected from the counties for Hantavirus antigen and antibody examination. Results A total of 102 cases of this disease were reported in the province from 2001 to 2002, with 3 deaths. The annual incidence rate was 0.12 / 100,000 and the case fatality rate was 2.94%. The main incidence of Honghe Prefecture, Kunming, Chuxiong state. The prevalence of latent infection in affected areas was 4.19%. 891 species of 9 species of rodents were captured in Luxi, Xundian and Yongsheng monitoring sites in 2002. The dominant species were Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus, and the dominant species were Apodemus agrarius Hantavirus poisoning rate of 3.65%, with the virus rat species Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus and alpine Apodemus. In 2001, 140 species of 12 species of traps were caught in the wild in Dali City, and the dominant species was giant-eared rat. The poisoned rats were giant-eared rats, dazhen rats, yellow-thoracic rats, social rats and short-tailed rats. Conclusion There are some domesticated foci in the monitoring area with Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus as the main host animals. There are also wild-type foci in Alpine Apodemus and Mammals. The increased incidence is associated with higher rat density and interinfection rates. Should be taken to eliminate house mice and vaccinated mice or two types of mixed vaccine-based control measures.