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引言 随着石油工业的迅速发展,海上石油运输量也在增长,世界石油总产量的60％是通过海上运输的,1980年海上石油运输量约有24亿吨。由于海上油轮船队和海底油田的开发,油污染事件不断发生。据推算,世界每年排入海洋的石油和石油制品可达500万余吨。其中约有200万吨是从油轮排出或由于油轮事故溢出的。约10万吨是海底油田开采时溢出的。
INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of the oil industry, the volume of oil transported offshore has also increased. About 60% of the world’s total oil production is transported by sea. In 1980, the volume of offshore oil transportation was about 2.4 billion tons. Due to the development of the offshore tanker fleet and the offshore oilfield, oil pollution incidents continue to occur. It is estimated that up to 5 million tons of petroleum and petroleum products are being discharged into the oceans each year in the world. About 2 million tons of these were discharged from tankers or spilled by tanker accidents. About 100,000 tons of seafloor oil field overflowing.