目的对1例毛蠓幼虫感染病例进行分析,并阐述其诊断、治疗及预防措施。方法收集患者漱口液、小便及大便中的虫体,用显微镜观察,通过形态特征鉴定虫种。在感染场所进行流行病学调查。结果虫体头呈棕褐色,为咀嚼式口器,尾部棕褐色,末端指状突上有长毛,符合毛蠓幼虫形态特征。在患者家中,楼下卫生间地漏直通化粪池,在化粪池及楼下卫生间发现了毛蠓成虫及幼虫。患者使用了被毛蠓幼虫或卵污染的水漱口、洗盆浴引起感染。结论患者口腔、泌尿道及下消化道感染的是毛蠓幼虫。使用伊维菌素治疗三个疗程治愈。建议卫生间下水道不要直接与化粪池相连,防止蠓进入室内,发现昆虫,及时杀灭。注意个人卫生,女性尽量用淋浴。 Objective To analyze the infection of a hairy larva and explain its diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures. Methods The parasites, urine and stools of patients were collected and observed by microscope. The insect species were identified by morphological characteristics. Epidemiological survey at the place of infection. Results The body of the worm was tan, chewing mouthparts, the tail tan, long hair on the terminal finger, in line with the morphological characteristics of hairy larvae. In the patient’s home, downstairs bathroom floor drain through septic tanks, found in the septic tank and downstairs Moray adult and larvae. Patients use mouthwash contaminated with hairy larvae or eggs, washing tubs cause infection. Conclusion Patients with oral, urinary and lower gastrointestinal infections are hairy larvae. Ivermectin treatment with three courses of cure. It is recommended that the sewer of the bathroom should not be directly connected with the septic tank, so as to prevent the insects from entering the house and discover insects and kill them in time. Pay attention to personal hygiene, women try to use a shower.