标准的小儿科观点认为,幼年型肠息肉(特别是单发性息肉)常为良性,没有腺瘤或癌变的危险。但近来有证据表明,这种观点并不一定对,有时这类息肉也需切除。息肉虽可发生于任何年龄,但以青春前期儿童最常见,尤其是6岁以下的儿童。儿童发生息肉约高达1％,引起无痛性直肠出血。但息肉可能出现脱垂,或有隐约腹痛和腹部痉挛。息肉的直径一般为1～2cm,表面平滑呈水肿样;或呈肉芽肿和溃疡。组织学特征为慢性炎症,腺体肿胀和增 The standard pediatric view is that juvenile intestinal polyps (especially single polyps) are often benign, with no risk of adenoma or cancer. However, there is recent evidence that this view is not necessarily correct and that such polyps need to be removed. Although polyps can occur at any age, pre-puberty children are the most common, especially children under 6 years of age. Approximately 1% of polyps occur in children, causing painless rectal bleeding. However, polyps may experience prolapse, or may have vague abdominal pain and abdominal cramps. The diameter of a polyp is generally 1 to 2 cm, and the surface is smooth and edematous; or it is granuloma and ulcer. Histological characteristics are chronic inflammation, swelling and enlargement of glands