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应用三维实体单元非线性有限元分析技术,利用ANSYS的动力显式模块模拟了钢管缩口变形过程。计算了钢管内部应力、应变分布,分析了不同高径比、厚度、凹模倾斜角度对钢管缩口成形过程中应力、应变的影响。当凹模锥角为9°,厚度为1.5 mm时,钢管所受等效应力最小,有利于缩口成形。这种方法准确地分析缩口成形时金属的流动情况,实现了在计算机上对缩口成形失稳的预测,为优化缩口的工艺参数提供了理论依据。
The nonlinear finite element analysis technology of three-dimensional solid element is used to simulate the process of shrinkage deformation of steel tube by using the dynamic explicit module of ANSYS. The stress and strain distributions inside the steel tube were calculated. The effects of different height-diameter ratio, thickness and the angle of the die on the stress and strain in the process of shrink tube forming were analyzed. When the die taper angle of 9 °, the thickness of 1.5 mm, the minimum equivalent stress suffered by the steel, is conducive to shrink-neck forming. This method can accurately analyze the flow of metal when the neck is formed, and realize the prediction of the neck forming instability on a computer, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the technical parameters of the neck.