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目的对比国人枢椎(C2)椎板的解剖学及影像学数据,探讨枢椎椎板术前影像学测量的准确性。方法测量96例(男性51例,女性45例)成人枢椎干燥骨标本的解剖学以及健康志愿者112例(男性58例,女性54例)影像学枢椎椎板长度、棘突根部高度、椎板棘突角、进钉点至侧块外缘及椎板外缘的距离,采用SPSS12.0软件进行统计学分析。结果解剖学测量显示C2椎板长度(L1)、进钉点至侧块外缘(L2)及椎板外缘的距离(L3)、椎板棘突角(angle A)、椎板厚度(T)及高度(H1)、C2棘突根部高度(H2)分别为:(1.81±0.51)cm、(2.55±1.56)cm、(3.22±1.27)cm、(45.0±5.0)0、(0.62±0.52)cm、(1.21±0.16)cm、(1.36±0.69)cm;影像学测量结果分别为:(1.79±0.32)cm、(2.48±0.41)cm、(3.32±0.45)cm、(46.9±4.9)0、(0.66±0.15)cm、(1.18±0.33)cm、(1.41±0.43)cm,两组结果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。影像学测量结果显示,除棘突椎板角外,男性数据均高于女性。枢椎椎板左右侧存在变异及不对称性,但无统计学差异。15%椎板厚度小于5mm,45%椎板厚度小于6mm;椎板长度均小于2.5cm,进钉点至椎板外缘长度大于3cm者仅占5%,进钉点至侧块外缘长度为2.5～4cm,大于4cm者仅占5%;椎板高度及椎板根部高度均大于1cm。结论所采用的术前影像学测量方法简便、可靠、实用,准确的影像学测量可为个体化枢椎椎板螺钉的置入提供可靠参数。
Objective To compare the anatomy and imaging data of the human vertebral (C2) lamina and to investigate the accuracy of preoperative imaging of the vertebral lamina. Methods The anatomy of 96 adult (52 males and 45 females) adult cadavers were measured. The length of the vertebral lamina, the root height of the spinous process and the length of the spinous process were measured in 112 healthy volunteers (58 males and 54 females) The angle of spinous process, the distance from entry point to the outer edge of the lateral mass and the outer edge of the lamina were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 software. RESULTS: Anatomical measurements showed that lamina length (L1), distance from entry point to lateral margin (L2) and lamina edge (L3), lamina angle (A), lamina thickness (1.81 ± 0.51) cm, (2.55 ± 1.56) cm, (3.22 ± 1.27) cm, (45.0 ± 5.0) 0, (0.62 ± 0.52) and height (H1) ), (1.21 ± 0.16) cm and (1.36 ± 0.69) cm, respectively. The imaging results were (1.79 ± 0.32) cm, (2.48 ± 0.41) cm, (3.32 ± 0.45) cm and (46.9 ± 4.9) 0, (0.66 ± 0.15) cm, (1.18 ± 0.33) cm and (1.41 ± 0.43) cm, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Imaging measurements showed that, in addition to the lamina angle of spinous process, the male data were higher than the female. Left and right sides of the lamina vary and asymmetry, but no statistical difference. 15% of lamina thickness less than 5mm, 45% of lamina thickness less than 6mm; lamina length less than 2.5cm, into the nail point to the edge of the lamina length of more than 3cm only 5%, from the nail point to the outer edge of the lateral block length 2.5 ~ 4cm, more than 4cm accounted for only 5%; lamina height and the height of the lamina were greater than 1cm. Conclusions The preoperative imaging measurement method used is simple, reliable, practical and accurate. The imaging measurement can provide reliable parameters for the placement of individualized laminar screw.