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现代飞艇一般采用充放空气、抛载重物等方式调节浮升力以实现升降,但由于空气的可充放体积和载重物携带量的限制,飞艇调节升降的能力十分有限。如果将气液相变系统应用到飞艇中,气囊内气体的量就可以大范围改变,从而提高飞艇调节浮升力的能力。本文针对飞艇高空运行工况,提出了采用单换热器的高空高效轻量化气液相变系统的总体设计方案,并给出系统结构的设计方法。应用本文设计方法对液化速率为0.5 kg/min和汽化速率为1 kg/min相变系统进行设计,设计结果显示系统的总重量仅为393.55 kg,总功率仅为5.45 kW,满足了高空飞艇对相变系统的设计要求。
Modern airships generally use charge and discharge air, throwing heavy objects and other ways to adjust the buoyancy in order to achieve lift, but because of the air can be charged and discharged volume and carrying capacity limit, the ability of the airship to adjust the lift is very limited. If the gas-liquid phase change system is applied to the airship, the amount of air in the airbag can be varied in a wide range, thereby increasing the ability of the airship to adjust the buoyancy force. In this paper, aiming at the working condition of airship at high altitudes, the overall design scheme of high-altitude and high-efficiency lightweight gas-liquid phase change system with single heat exchanger is proposed and the design method of system structure is given. The design method was used to design the phase change system with the liquefaction rate of 0.5 kg / min and the vaporization rate of 1 kg / min. The design results show that the total weight of the system is only 393.55 kg and the total power is only 5.45 kW. Phase change system design requirements.