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噶尔丹是清康熙前期活跃在新疆天山南北和蒙古高原上的准噶尔人首领。中学课本《中国历史》第二册说:“1696年,康熙帝再带兵三路出击。清军大败噶尔丹于昭英多……噶尔丹走投无路,不久死去。”《教学参考书》第二册也只提到:“1697年,康熙第三次亲征至宁夏,噶尔丹走投无路,不久死去。”那么,噶尔丹究竟是怎样死的呢?过去有两种说法,一说认为他是服毒自尽,如《清圣祖实录》卷193四月甲子条说,康熙三十六年(1697年)闰三月十三日,噶尔丹兵败无法生存,饮药自尽。清人魏源的《圣武记·康熙亲征准噶尔记》也说他是“仰药死”。现代史学家如肖一山的《清代通史》,翦伯赞主编的《中国史纲要》均是如此叙述噶尔丹的结局。而吕一燃在《历史研究》1980年第
Galdan is the leader of the Junggar people active in the early Kangxi period in Xinjiang’s Tianshan Mountains and the Mongolian Plateau. Middle School textbook “Chinese history” second volume, said: “In 1696, Emperor Kangxi and then sent troops to attack three. Qing Army defeated Galdan in Zhaoying more ... Galdan desperate, and soon died.” “Teaching Reference Book” The second volume also mentions only: “In 1697, the third pro-Kangxi consignment went to Ningxia and Galdan went out of control and died shortly.” So how did Galdan die? In the past, there were two versions of one that said He is poisonous to death, such as “clear holy ancestral records,” Volume 193, April Jia Zi said that Kangxi thirty-six years (1697) intercalary March 13, Galdan defeated unable to survive, drinking drug himself. Qing Wei Wei’s “Sheng Wu Ji Kangxi Pro Zheng Junggar” also said he was “Yang Yao death.” Modern historians such as Xiao Yishan’s “General History of the Qing Dynasty,” edited by Bo Bo Chan “Outline of Chinese History” are so described the outcome of Galdan. And Lu a burning in the “historical research” in 1980