自2020年4月以来，我国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情（简称新冠肺炎疫情）进入常态化防控阶段。在经过常态化防控探索阶段后，我国疫情防控进入了全链条精准防控的“动态清零”阶段。“动态清零”策略是在遵循“外防输入、内防反弹”防控策略的前提下，当出现本土新冠肺炎病例时，采取有效的综合性防控措施，“发现一起、扑灭一起”，快速切断疫情传播链，使每一起疫情及时终止，感染者“清零”，实现以最小成本取得最大成效。在大规模核酸检测、大数据追踪等新技术的应用下，“动态清零”策略应运而生，它是新冠疫情防控的中国经验。“动态清零”策略是我国在新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控阶段提出并实施的创新性防控策略，其防控目标、技术手段、工作重点等与传统的传染病“围堵”和“缓疫”策略有所不同。本文就我国新冠肺炎疫情防控的三个阶段、“动态清零”策略及科学内涵、演化过程、理论基础、实施阶段及效果进行了分析与总结，为冬春季疫情防控提供科学依据。“,”Since April 2020, the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic (COVID-19 epidemic) in China has entered the phase of normalized prevention and control. After the exploration phase of normalized prevention and control, China′s epidemic prevention and control has entered the “dynamic COVID-zero” phase of whole-chain precise prevention and control. The dynamic COVID-zero strategy is to follow the premise of “external prevention of import, internal prevention of rebound” prevention and control strategy, when the emergence of local COVID-19 cases, to take effective comprehensive prevention and control measures, and to “find one, extinguish one”, to quickly cut off the chain of epidemic transmission, so that each epidemic is terminated in a timely manner, achieving maximum effectiveness with minimum cost. With the application of new technologies such as large-scale nucleic acid detection and big data tracking, the dynamic COVID-zero strategy was developed, which is China′s novel experience in the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. The dynamic COVID-zero strategy is an innovative prevention and control strategy proposed and implemented in China during the normalized prevention and control phase of the COVID-19 epidemic, whose prevention and control objectives, technical means, and work focus are different from the traditional “containment” strategy and “mitigation” strategy on ending the epidemic. This paper analyzes and summarizes the three phases of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in China, the dynamic COVID-zero strategy and its scientific connotation, evolutionary process, theoretical basis, implementation phases and effects, and provides a scientific basis for epidemic prevention and control in winter and spring.