It has established the FEM model of nine roller horizontal straightening for 60 kg / m heavy rail,and simulated the straightening process by using ANSYS Workbench. The comparative analysis of residual stress after straightening with the reference of the straightening speed at 1. 2 m / s was done,which was found that the conclusion that the residual stress of straightening effects with straightening velocity range fom 1. 4 m / s to 1. 6 m /s can satisfy the requirement on the scene. A further comparative analysis of the state and distribution of the stress during straightening process was also done,and there was a comprehensive result on the influence with the change of the straightening velocity in heavy rail straightening stress at the same time. Thus it is really an important reference value on the set of the straightening velocity on the scene. It has established the FEM model of nine roller horizontal straightening for 60 kg / m heavy rail, and simulated the straightening process by using ANSYS Workbench. The comparative analysis of residual stress after straightening with the reference of the straightening speed at 1. 2 m / s was done, which was found that the conclusion that the residual stress of straightening effects with straightening velocity range fom 1. 4 m / s to 1. 6 m / s can satisfy the requirement on the scene. A further comparative analysis of the state and distribution of the stress during straightening process was also done, and there was a comprehensive result on the influence with the change of the straightening velocity in heavy rail straightening stress at the same time. Thus it is really an important reference value on the set of the straightening velocity on the scene.