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为保护石质文物免遭其侵害,有必要进行凝结水作用机制研究。基于溶蚀实验研究方法,采用自行研制的静态和动态溶蚀模拟实验系统,全面模拟凝结水对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀。在实验过程中,考虑CO2、温湿度等条件,分析不同因素对溶蚀过程的影响,并实时进行质量损失、微观结构、水质变化等测试分析。最后借助Phreeqc软件进行溶蚀数值模拟,进行对比验证分析,验证模拟实验的准确性。静态和动态模拟实验均表明凝结水会造成碳酸盐岩溶解,且随CO2浓度增大而增加,对灰岩溶蚀效果强于白云岩;动态实验模拟水汽凝结过程中,微观水汽侵入性强,更易造成白云岩溶蚀量和岩石孔隙率显著增大;实验溶蚀过程和计算的溶蚀深度与数值模拟结果一致,溶蚀曲线呈二次型,溶蚀过程前期较快后期较缓,计算1 a内灰岩的溶蚀深度为0.027 6 mm,白云岩的溶蚀深度为0.013 6 mm。
In order to protect stone cultural relics against them, it is necessary to study the mechanism of condensate water. Based on the study of dissolution experiment, static and dynamic corrosion simulation experiment system developed by ourselves was used to simulate the dissolution of carbonate rock by condensate. During the experiment, considering the conditions of CO2, temperature and humidity, the influence of different factors on the dissolution process was analyzed, and the test analysis of mass loss, microstructure and water quality was carried out in real time. Finally, Phreeqc software was used to simulate the erosion, and the verification was carried out to verify the accuracy of the simulation experiment. Both static and dynamic simulation experiments show that the condensate water will dissolve carbonate rocks and increase with the increase of CO2 concentration, and the dissolution effect of limestone is stronger than that of dolomite. In the dynamic experiment, the microscopic water vapor intrusion is strong, The dissolution rate of dolomite and the porosity of the rock are more likely to increase significantly. The experimental dissolution process and the calculated erosion depth are in accordance with the numerical simulation results. The erosion curve is quadratic, and the early erosion stage is relatively rapid. The depth of dissolution is 0.027 6 mm, and the depth of dissolution of dolomite is 0.013 6 mm.