目的　用免疫组织化学方法研究喉鳞癌组织中成熟与非成熟树突状细胞的分布。方法　采用S P免疫组织化学方法检测 31例喉鳞癌病人原发肿瘤及癌周组织中的树突状细胞亚群的分布。用抗CD1a、CD83单克隆抗体分别标记非成熟与成熟树突状细胞。结果　非成熟树突状细胞绝大部分散在地位于癌巢内 ,而成熟树突状细胞则成群地位于癌周组织 ,且有淋巴细胞成簇分布于其周围。结论　喉癌组织中非成熟与成熟状态树突状细胞在分布上存在差异性。其机制有待于进一步的研究。 Objective To study the distribution of mature and immature dendritic cells in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect the distribution of dendritic cell subsets in 31 patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Anti-CD1a and CD83 monoclonal antibodies were used to label immature and mature dendritic cells. Results Most of the immature dendritic cells scattered in the cancer nests, while the mature dendritic cells are located in clusters around the cancer tissue, and there are clusters of lymphocytes around them. Conclusion The distribution of dendritic cells in non-mature and mature laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is different. The mechanism needs further study.