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目的 研究二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)对雄性小鼠精子质量及其血清性激素的影响,探讨:DMF对雄性生殖系统影响的作用机制.方法 将SPF级健康成年雄性昆明小鼠40只随机分为对照组(蒸馏水)和低(0.5 g/kg)、中(1 g/kg)、高(2g/kg)剂量DMF染毒组,每组10只.采用灌胃方式进行染毒,灌胃容积10 ml/kg,每天1次,连续灌胃30 d.染毒后,称重,迅速分离双侧附睾,测定精子活动度、精子计数和精子畸形数,并计算精子畸形率.摘除眼球取血,采用放射免疫分析方法测定血清睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)和睾丸T水平.结果 与对照组相比,从染毒第9天开始各剂量DMF染毒组小鼠体重明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).与对照组相比,中、高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠附睾精子计数较少,精子活动度较低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且随着DMF染毒剂量的增高,精子计数及精子活动度均呈下降趋势,呈现一定的剂量-效应关系.与对照组相比,中、高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠血清FSH含量较高,高剂量DMF染毒组小鼠血清T和睾丸T含量较低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).各染毒组小鼠的精子畸形率、血清LH含量间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 DMF可能是通过睾丸轴调节性激素的分泌,最终导致精子质量的降低,从而造成雄性小鼠生殖功能的损害.“,”Objective To study the effects of DMF on the quality of spermatozoa and sex hormone levels in male mice, and the possible mechanism. Methods Forty male KM mice were randomly divided into four groups and then treated with DMF dissolved in distilled water by gavage (10 ml/kg) at the doses of 0,0.5,1 and 2 g/kg,once a day for 30 consecutive days. The mice were weighted and then sacrificed on day 31. The epididymises were collected for determination of sperm motility, sperm counting and determination of abnormal sperm rate. The T,LH,and FSH levels in serum were determined. Results Compared with the control group,mice in all treated groups showed significant decrease in body weight (P<0.05). With the increase of administrating dosage,sperm counting and sperm motility showed decreasing tendency. Moreover,compared with the control group, sperm counts and sperm motility in 0.1 g/ml group and 0.2 g/ml group decreased significantly. FSH levels in serum in all treated groups were higher than those in the control group. T levels in serum and testis in all treated groups were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion Probably, DMF regulates the excretion of sex hormone by testicle axle and then lower the quality of spermatozoa.