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金属硫蛋白(metallothiontine,简称MT),又称重金属结合蛋白,是一种低分子量富含半胱氨酸的金属结合蛋白。锌、铜、镉等多种金属元素均可在体外或体内诱导组织MT大量合成。已有研究表明,MT在微量元素代谢、重金属富集、环境污染的清除等方面起重要作用,因此, 选择恰当的启动子是保证外源基因在转基因鱼中成功表达的最重要因素。在转基因鱼的研究过程中,使用的转基因材料从最初阶段的人及其它哺乳类如牛、羊等的生长激素基因发展到现在的鱼的生长激素基因,启动调控顺序也由小鼠的重金属螯合蛋白(MT-1)基因发展到鱼的重金属结合蛋白基因,如虹鳟金属硫蛋白基因、鲤β-肌动蛋白基因、美洲鲽抗冻蛋白基因以及鲤金属硫蛋白
Metallothionein (MT), also known as heavy metal binding protein, is a low molecular weight cysteine-rich metal-binding protein. Zinc, copper, cadmium and other metal elements can be induced in vitro or in vivo tissue mass MT synthesis. It has been shown that MT plays an important role in the metabolism of trace elements, enrichment of heavy metals and the removal of environmental pollution. Therefore, selecting the proper promoter is the most important factor for ensuring the successful expression of foreign genes in transgenic fish. In the study of transgenic fish, the transgenic materials used from the initial stage of human and other mammals, such as cattle, sheep and other growth hormone gene development to the present fish growth hormone gene, start regulating sequence also by the mouse heavy metal chelate Co-protein (MT-1) genes develop into heavy metal-binding protein genes of fish such as the rainbow trout metallothionein gene, the common carp β-actin gene, the American Limulus antifreeze protein gene and the common carp metallothionein