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目的 研究全球气候变暖对中国大陆钉螺分布的潜在影响 ,探讨钉螺适生性中的生态因子之一的越夏致死高温和夏蛰现象。方法 对采自江苏省江滩地区的湖北钉螺指名亚种 (O.hupen-sis hupensis) ,采用实验室模拟自然环境逐步改变温度的方法 ,测定钉螺的越夏致死高温 ,并观察其夏蛰现象等。结果 钉螺在干燥和潮湿环境中的半数致死高温 (L T50 )分别为 4 0 .0 1℃ (95 %可信区间为 39.76 - 4 0 .2 7℃ )和 4 2 .13℃ (95 %可信区间为 4 1.5 9- 4 2 .6 8℃ )。高温和钉螺死亡率的回归趋势可分别拟合 logistic方程为 :Y干 =10 1/ (1+e6 1 .4 0 2 2 6 9- 1 .5350 58X) (F=6 9.997,P<0 .0 0 1) 潮 =10 1/ (1+e76 .4 4582 5- 1 .84 2 0 6 8X) (F=2 4 .6 99,P<0 .0 0 1)高温对钉螺的活动抑制较明显 ,39℃时 10 0 %钉螺呈闭厣状态 ,但仅有 14 .94 %的钉螺出现夏蛰现象 ;即使温度上升至 4 0℃ ,也仅为 2 7.78%的钉螺表现出夏蛰状态。结论 部分钉螺可表现出夏蛰现象 ,但似乎没有冬眠现象普遍 ;处于潮湿环境中的钉螺比在干燥环境中 ,对极限高温的耐受性更强些。
Objective To study the potential impact of global warming on snail distribution in mainland China and to investigate the hotter summer and summer sting of one of the ecological factors in snail adaptability. Methods O. hupen-sis hupensis collected from Jiangtan area of Jiangsu Province was used to simulate the changes of temperature in summer. Wait. Results The median lethal temperature (L T50) of snails in the dry and humid environment were respectively 4.01% (95% confidence interval 39.76-4.02.27 ℃) and 42.13% (95% The confidence interval is 4 1.5 9-4 2 .6 8 ° C). The logistic regression equation for the mortality of high temperature and snail was fitted as follows: Y = 10 1 / (1 + e6 1 .4 0 2 2 6 9-1.5350 58X) (F = 6 9.997, P <0 .0 0 1) tidal activity = 10 1 / (1 + e76 .4 4582 5- 1 .84 2 0 6 8X) (F = 2.49.99, P <0.001). Obviously, 10% snails were closed at 39 ℃, but only 14.94% snails showed the phenomenon of snails. Even when the temperature rose to 40 ℃, only 2 7.78% of the snails showed the jasper . Conclusion Some Snails may exhibit the phenomenon of summer sting, but no hibernation appears to be common. Snails in humid environment are more tolerant to extreme high temperature than in dry environment.