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目的检测并分析燃煤砷污染区人群血、尿生化参数的变化特点,为砷对人体健康危害及早期防治提供参考依据。方法采用生物化学法检测贵州省兴仁县燃煤砷污染区185名砷接触者和65名对照者31项血、尿生化参数。结果血液系统18项参数中,砷暴露者红细胞(4.09±0.73)×1012/L、血红蛋白(122.35±23.54)g/L、红细胞压积(35.85±7.09)%和血小板平均体积(1.02±0.14)g/L明显降低;平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(351.38±12.15)g/L明显升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);肝肾功能13项血、尿生化参数中,血肌酐(134.14±51.73)μmol/L、尿胆红素阳性率15.2%,尿白细胞阳性率17.9%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论燃煤砷污染对人体血液系统和肝肾功能有一定影响,定期选择性检测本实验筛检出的异常指标并结合反映肝肾早期损害的敏感指标谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSTs)和β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG),有助于早期发现和了解砷所致的血液系统和肝肾功能损害。
Objective To detect and analyze the characteristics of blood and urine biochemical parameters in arsenic-contaminated area of coal-burning areas, and provide reference for human health hazards and early prevention and control of arsenic. Methods Biochemical methods were used to determine the blood and urine biochemical parameters in blood and urine of 185 arsenic-exposed and 65 control subjects in the arsenic-contaminated area of Xingren County, Guizhou Province. Results Among the 18 parameters of blood system, the average number of red cells (4.09 ± 0.73) × 1012 / L, hemoglobin (122.35 ± 23.54) g / L, hematocrit (35.85 ± 7.09)% and average platelet volume (1.02 ± 0.14) (P <0.01). The blood and urine biochemical parameters of blood and urine of 13 patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.01). The mean blood hemoglobin concentration was (351.38 ± 12.15) g / Creatinine (134.14 ± 51.73) μmol / L, urine bilirubin positive rate of 15.2%, urine leukocyte positive rate of 17.9%, compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Arsenic contamination in coal combustion has certain influence on the blood system and liver and kidney function in humans. The abnormal indexes detected by this experiment are periodically and selectively detected. Combined with the glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), a sensitive index reflecting the early damage of liver and kidney, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), help early detection and understanding of arsenic-induced blood system and liver and kidney dysfunction.