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为研究不同施硼方法对紫花苜蓿种子产量与质量的影响,探索合理的施硼肥措施,以公农1号苜蓿为试验材料,通过田间试验研究沟施(B1,10%的植株开花时施硼砂5.3kg/hm2)、喷施1次(B2,20%的植株开花时喷施0.70%硼砂)及喷施2次(B3,20%、50%的植株开花时分别喷施0.70%硼砂)对紫花苜蓿的花粉数量、活力、不同时期叶、茎、生殖器官中硼含量、种子产量及质量的影响。结果表明,相对于对照(CK),3种施硼处理均显著(P<0.05)增加种子产量,且喷施处理组种子产量显著(P<0.05)高于B1,但B1种子质量好于喷施处理。B1通过提高结荚率和结实率来增加种子产量;B2通过提高种子重量、种子数量和结荚率来增产,但是影响种子质量;B3通过增加花序数、每花序小花数、每花序荚果数和结荚率来增产,但是增加了不正常种苗数,降低了种子发芽率。B2可以获得最高的苜蓿种子产量,但会对种子质量造成不利影响。因此,最适宜的施硼方法为B3。
In order to study the effects of different boron application methods on the yield and quality of alfalfa seeds, the reasonable measures of boron fertilizer application were explored. Based on the experiment of alfalfa in Gongnong 1, Borax 5.3kg / hm2), sprayed once (B2, 20% of plants sprayed with 0.70% borax at flowering) and sprayed twice (B3, 20%, 50% of plants sprayed with 0.70% Effects of alfalfa on pollen quantity, vigor, boron content in leaves, stems and reproductive organs, seed yield and quality at different stages. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the three kinds of boron treatments significantly increased the seed yield (P <0.05), and the seed yield of spraying treatment group was significantly (P <0.05) higher than that of B1, Shi treatment. B1 increased seed yield by increasing pod rate and seed setting rate; B2 increased yield by increasing seed weight, seed number and pod rate, but affected seed quality; B3 improved seed yield by increasing number of inflorescences, inflorescences per inflorescence, Pod rate to increase production, but increased the number of abnormal seedlings, reducing the seed germination rate. B2 can obtain the highest alfalfa seed yield, but it will adversely affect the quality of the seeds. Therefore, the most suitable boron method is B3.