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作者自1984年7月至1985年2月在印弟安纳大学医学中心泌尿科用本法治疗鹿角结石46例共52个肾脏,男20例、女26例,年龄从17—80岁,其中28个肾曾作过开放性肾石切除术,独肾4例。方法入院后作分泌性肾盂造影,逆行性肾盂造影或肾扫描等检查、了解肾功能和解剖结构,此外尚需查尿常规和细菌学敏感试验,术前肠道外给抗菌素,对疑为磷酸铵镁结石者,先联合用抗菌素,待试验有报告后,病人即可在全麻下行一期经皮肾造瘘术,为防止结石碎片下移至输尿管,所有病人均同时作膀胱镜检查,逆行插入输尿管气囊管至肾盂与输尿管连接处,暂时阻塞输尿管。经皮肾造瘘管一般插入肾下极后肾盏,偶而多次穿刺及扩张皮肤通道,个别采用肋间途经,术后再以0.5％丁呱卡因肋下阻滞,后
The author from July 1984 to February 1985 at the Indiana University University Medical Center urology treatment of antler stones 46 cases total of 52 kidneys, 20 males and 26 females, aged from 17 to 80 years, of which 28 kidney had made open nephrolithotomy, kidney alone in 4 cases. Methods After admission for secretory pyelography, retrograde pyelography or renal scans and other tests to understand the renal function and anatomy, in addition to still need to check urine and bacteriological susceptibility tests, preoperative intestinal administration of antibiotics, suspected of ammonium phosphate Magnesium stones, combined with antibiotics, to be tested after the report, the patient can be under general anesthesia underwent a percutaneous nephrostomy, in order to prevent stone fragments moved to the ureter, all patients at the same time for cystoscopy, retrograde Ureteral balloon catheter inserted into the renal pelvis and ureter junction, temporarily blocking the ureter. Percutaneous nephrostomy is generally inserted into the renal calyx after the renal calyx, and occasionally multiple puncture and expansion of the skin channel, the individual intercostal route, and then 0.5% dinguaincao rib block, after