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面对全球经济治理,文章从克鲁格曼的地理本性出发试图认识全球治理的地缘政治经济基础。作者认为,全球经济关系是地缘政治经济结构的基础。通过收集世界21个主要经济体的2000—2012年的金融业和制造业增加值数据,运用区位商模型分析世界主要国家的金融业与制造业发展区位,同时对各国资源输出情况进行对比,开展对典型国家或地区进行地缘经济基础分类。研究表明:全球一体化使世界典型化国家类型趋于明显,呈现出新的“三个世界”特征——美国、英国、瑞士、新加坡和中国香港属金融业主导国家(地区);泰国、中国、韩国、德国、日本、越南和中国台湾属制造业主导国家(地区);加拿大、俄罗斯、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、澳大利亚和墨西哥属资源开发业主导国家(地区)。印度、巴西和法国目前在多领域均得到发展,虽然属过渡型国家(地区),但在进一步演化中,向一定的国家类型逼近。这种地缘经济学的相互关系,通过GDP溢出分析得到进一步证实。总之,地理本性决定的经济分工分类,构成了全球经济治理的地缘政治经济学基础,将影响全球经济治理。
In the face of global economic governance, the article attempts to understand the geopolitical and economic foundation of global governance from the geographical nature of Krugman. The author believes that global economic relations are the basis of geopolitical economic structure. By collecting data of value added of the financial and manufacturing industries from 2000 to 2012 in 21 major economies in the world and using the location quotient model to analyze the development of the financial and manufacturing industries in major countries in the world, Geo-economic classification of typical countries or regions. The research shows that global integration tends to make the world typical of the world become more obvious, showing a new “three worlds” characteristics - the United States, Britain, Switzerland, Singapore and Hong Kong, China are leading countries in the financial industry; Thailand China, South Korea, Germany, Japan, Vietnam and China Taiwan are manufacturing-oriented countries (regions); Canada, Russia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia and Mexico are among the leading countries in resource development. India, Brazil and France are currently developing in many fields. Although they are transitional countries, they are approaching certain types of countries in their further evolution. This geoeconomic interrelationship is further confirmed by the analysis of the spillover of GDP. In short, the classification of economic division of labor, which is determined by geographical nature, forms the foundation of geopolitical economics of global economic governance and will affect global economic governance.