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以河北省承德地区的油葵秸秆、玉米秸秆、大豆秸秆与鸡粪为原料,设置4种不同配比(F1、F2、F3、F4),于2009年秋末接种EM菌进行堆肥试验.通过对堆肥过程中堆体的温度、含水率、NH4+-N、NO3--N、pH值、C/N、T值的测定,研究了不同配比对堆肥腐熟度的影响.采用大白菜种子发芽指数(GI)评价了堆肥的腐熟度和生理毒性.结果表明:(1)在堆体腐熟过程中,4种不同配比均有明显的高温期,各项化学及生物学指标均呈现规律性变化.(2)在堆肥结束时,各配比的NH4+-N含量下降到1.0 g·kg-1以下,NO3--N的含量明显增多,pH值在7.6—8.1之间,各配比的C/N在14—18之间,T值小于0.6,GI大于100%,均符合堆肥腐熟标准,F4最先达到腐熟,F2次之.(3)GI与NH4+-N、C/N均呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.8999、-0.6412;而与NO3--N的相关性不显著.C/N和NH4+-N、NO3--N呈极显著相关,相关系数分别为0.5821、-0.5672.
In this study, four different proportions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) of oil sunflower straw, corn stalk, soybean stalk and chicken manure in Chengde, Hebei Province were used as raw materials to inoculate EM bacteria into composting test at the end of 2009. The composting process temperature, moisture content, NH4 + -N, NO3 - N, pH value, C / N, T value of the impact of different proportions on the compost maturity.Using Chinese cabbage germination index (GI) was used to evaluate the maturity and physiological toxicity of compost.The results showed that: (1) During the composting of the pile, all four kinds of mixture had obvious high temperature period, and all the chemical and biological indexes showed regular changes . (2) At the end of composting, the content of NH4 + -N in each ratio decreased below 1.0 g · kg-1, the content of NO3 - N increased obviously, the pH was between 7.6-8.1, the ratio of C / N between 14-18, T value less than 0.6, GI more than 100%, all complying with compost compost standard, F4 first reached maturity, followed by F2. (3) GI and NH4 + -N and C / The correlation coefficients were -0.8999 and -0.6412 respectively, but not significantly correlated with NO3 - N.The correlation coefficients of C / N and NH4 + -N and NO3 - N were highly significant, the correlation coefficients were 0.5821 and - 0.5672.